![]() ![]() This creates the opportunity to attract such species to residential areas for bird watching, and to reduce the competition for gumbo-limbo seeds in an undisturbed habitat that rarer local resident birds might face. Many migrant species will use gumbo-limbo trees that are in human-modified habitat, even in settlements. It is an especially important local food source for vireos, such as the red-eyed vireo, when ripe fruit are abundant. Local residents such as the masked tityra, bright-rumped attila, black-faced grosbeak (and on Hispaniola, the palmchat), are particularly fond of gumbo-limbo fruit, as are migrants such as the Baltimore oriole or the dusky-capped flycatcher. The arils are an important source of food for birds, including many winter migrants from North America. In Sarasota, Florida, gumbo-limbo trees have been used as street trees along a commercial portion of Boulevard of the Arts because the roots do not create problems for sidewalks and utilities. The tree's resin, called chibou, cachibou or gomartis, is used as glue, varnish, and incense. It is rather brittle, although the trunk is used in Haiti to make drums and as firewood. Gumbo-limbo wood is suitable for light construction. However, it has been noted in Central America that such posts do not produce a tap root, only side roots, thus questioning the real value of wind protection as those fence posts would not be so sturdy as a true, naturally occurring sapling. They may be planted to serve as wind protection of crops and roads, or as living fence posts, and if simply stuck into good soil, small branches will readily root and grow into sizable trees in a few years. ![]() Gumbo-limbo is also considered one of the most wind-tolerant trees, and it is recommended as a rugged, hurricane-resistant species in South Florida. It grows rapidly and is well adapted to several kinds of habitats, which include salty and calcareous soils (however, it does not tolerate boggy soils). Gumbo-limbo is a very useful plant economically and ecologically. "Tourist Tree" bark Bark of the gumbo-limbo tree in Duck Key, Florida Gumbo-limbo tree at De Soto National Memorial, Manatee County, Florida Gumbo-limbo, known as Copperwood in Jamaica, on the grounds of Rose Hall, Montego Bay, Jamaica Uses ![]() Birds will seek out the fruit to feed on the aril, which, although relatively small, is rich in lipids (about half its dry weight). Ripe capsules dehisce or are cracked open by birds. Both ripe and unripe fruits are rather loosely attached at their stems, and may detach spontaneously if the tree is shaken. The fruit is a small three-valved top-shaped capsule encasing a single seed that is covered in a red, fatty aril (seedcoat) of 5–6 mm diameter. While the tree yields some ripe fruit year-round, the main fruiting season is March and April in the northern part of the tree's range. The gumbo-limbo is referred to, humorously, as the tourist tree because the tree's bark is red and peeling, like the skin of the sunburnt tourists who are a common sight in the plant's range. ![]() The bark is shiny dark red, and the leaves are spirally arranged and pinnate with 7-11 leaflets, each leaflet broad ovate, 4–10 cm long and 2–5 cm broad. In the United States, specimens may be found in the Gulf of Mexico along the western coast of Florida.īursera simaruba is a small to medium-sized tree growing to 30 meters tall, with a diameter of one meter or less at 1.5 meters above ground. Bursera simaruba is prevalent in the Petenes mangroves ecoregion of the Yucatán, where it is a subdominant plant species to the mangroves. Terebinthus simaruba (L.) W.Wight ex Roseīursera simaruba, commonly known as gumbo-limbo, copperwood, chaca, West Indian birch, naked Indian, and turpentine tree, is a tree species in the family Burseraceae, native to the Neotropics, from South Florida to Mexico and the Caribbean to Brazil, Nicaragua, and Venezuela.Bursera integerrima (Tul.) Triana & Planch. ![]()
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